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0.05) with experimental additives. Milk yield, milk protein and milk fat percent were higher (P <0.05) for animals fed LO followed by LS and then control, while milk urea nitrogen was decreased (P <0.05) with additives. The experimental additives decreased (P<0.05) total saturated fatty acids (TSFA) and increased (P>0.05) the proportion of C18:3N3 milk fat. Total unsaturated fatty acids (TUSFA) were increased (P<0.05) with LO but, no significant increase with LS noticed compare to control. The proportions of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) increased (P<0.05) with adding LO or LS to the diet. It could conclude that adding linseed or linseed oil to goat rations improved the productivity of lactating goats and so enhance milk components with no deleterious effects on general health.]]>
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G) were observed at position 83, 127 and 144 resulting in amino acid changes when compared with reference sequence accession No. XM005683621. The IFN-β was found more conserved as single non-synonymous mutation (G>C) that found at 258 position in 415 bp sequences of 40 animals comparing with reference sequence accession No. JX458085. This is the first report on MHC genes sequences in Beetal goat of Pakistan and the findings may lead to identification of molecular markers for selection of animals with better disease resistance.]]>
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0.05) improvement in other weights compared to R1. Yucca schidigera supplementation decreased significantly ruminal ammonia nitrogen concentration during all the experimentation period (P<0.05).]]>
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0.05) improvement in body weight but at prepartum they had significantly (P<0.05) higher live body weight compared with ewes received BCE energy. Ewes fed UCE showed improvement prolificacy (100%) and parity patterns as twins rate (40.00%) compared to ewes received BCE that have feeble prolificacy (83.33%) and twins rate (20.00%). Progesterone (P4) in ewes fed UCE had higher (P<0.05) levels than ewes fed BCE during different stages of gestation. Fetus numbers emphasized that the level of P4 in ewes carrying two fetuses increased (P<0.05) compared to ewes carrying just one fetus throughout gestation. The blood metabolites of ewes fed UCE showed higher (P<0.05) levels of total proteins, albumin, globulin, cholesterol, glucose, calcium and phosphorus than ewes fed BCE. However, serum creatinine, triglycerides and urea-N in ewes fed UCE were insignificantly higher than those of BCE ewes. This study concluded that unconventional energy is recommended to be included in farm animal diets at moderate amounts. Maintaining normal range for most commonly used serum biochemical parameters during different reproductive stages should considered in farm management strategy.]]>
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0.05). In spite of higher water transportation cost in the transhumant system, goat production is profitable and economically viable in both systems.]]>
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