@article { author = {PEŞMEN, Günnur and YARDIMCI, Mehmet}, title = {THE SURFACE ANALYSIS OF FLEECE BY SEM AND THEIR ELEMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MENEMEN SHEEP BREED}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {1}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats}, issn = {2090-0386}, eissn = {2090-0376}, doi = {10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26661}, abstract = {ABSTRACTIn this study, fleece samples from a flock of Menemen sheep belong to a private enterprise were taken, and only the surface topography of the SEM and the fleece were examined. According to this examination, it was tried to find out what kind and how much elements exist within the fleece. This was tried to be determined through the SEM-EDX, XPS and ICP-OES analysis. The examined SEM images of Menemen sheep fleece seen that the cuticle surface was composed of scales shaped by the properly sorted cuticular cells and the cuticle cells were in the polygonal coronoid shape.According to the analysis performed by ICP-OES method, it was found that the mean values of elements in the Menemen sheep fleece were respectively; Ca, 0.244 ± 0.006%; Na, 0.130% ± 0.008; Mg, 353.863 ± 13.369 mg/kg; K, 633.743 ± 65.295 mg/kg; Fe, 46.323 ± 7.847 mg/kg; Al, 45.054 ± 7.132 mg/kg; Si, 152.630 ± 17.626 mg/kg; Mn, 3.970 ± 0.318 mg/kg; Zn, 92.690 ± 2.073 mg/kg; Pb, 1.959 ± 0.364 mg/kg; Cu, 5.626 ± 0.289 mg/kg; Co, 0.120 ± 0.010 mg/kg; P, 150.033 ±3.728 mg/kg and Se, 0.070 ± 0.013 mg/kg. The elemental content of the fleece owns a special importance since it reflects the mineral status of the body thus could characterize as indicator in terms of the animal welfare.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26661.html}, eprint = {https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26661_df79708ccebbd4479aeea0d24e506adb.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdulkarim, Ahtash}, title = {SMALL RUMINANT CONTRIBUTION IN MEAT PRODUCTION IN LIBYA}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {1}, pages = {1-6}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats}, issn = {2090-0386}, eissn = {2090-0376}, doi = {10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26662}, abstract = {AbsrtactSheep and goats are considered the important agriculture activity overall grazing areas in Libya, since natural range represent the important parts of feed and forages for those animals. Barbary sheep and local goats breeds proved their potentiality through ability to withstand the adverse conditions such as drought, sub - maintenance feeding, heat stress, disease and poor management. Libyan Barbary sheep represents the dominant Libyan sheep breed (95%) in which their population is 6.5 million heads raised for meat and wool production. Local goats (Mahali) represents more than 90% of the number of goats in Libya (1.5-2.0 million). Sheep and goat flocks were spread overall the country specially the coast. Extensive production system was the main system used at semi-arid grazing area and mountain. Statistics showed that sheep and goat contribution of meat production during 1998-2009 ranged from 67-80.5%. It looks that Libya does not reach self-sufficient of meat production from small ruminants though the wide spread of these animals. It has recognized that production deficiency percentages from sheep and goats meat ranged from 49 % to 55% during the same period.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26662.html}, eprint = {https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26662_d03f7e5558785cc5f297a101e9b82ea0.pdf} } @article { author = {I., Abd-El Moty and Zanouny, A. and El-Barody, M. and Sallam, M. and Abd El Hakeam, A.}, title = {EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA SEEDS SUPPLEMENTATION ON MILK YIELD AND MILK COMPOSITION IN SHEEP}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {1}, pages = {1-8}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats}, issn = {2090-0386}, eissn = {2090-0376}, doi = {10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26663}, abstract = {ABSTARCTA total number of 20 Ossimi ewes were used in this experiment. Ewes were randomly assigned to four equal groups, two groups (G1& G2) suckled single and two groups (G3 & G4) suckled twins. Ewes in the first and second group were fed on basal diet (control-single) and on basal diet+100mg daily Nigella Sativa seeds/head for G2. Ewes in the third (G3) and fourth (G4) groups were fed on basal twin diet (control-twins) and on basal twin diet +100mg daily Nigella Sativa seeds/head for G4. Daily milk yield was measured for each ewe starting from the fifth day post lambing until weaning at 3 months. Milk samples were taken weekly throughout the suckling period from all tested ewes. The samples were taken in the morning and afternoon and then both samples were mixed together for chemical analysis. Milk energy values were calculated. The results of this experiment indicated that milk yield had insignificant differences at first and second weeks of the experiment but from the third to the twelfths week the difference among groups recorded highly significant (P<0.01) increase for G2 and G4 compared to G1 (control/single) and G3 (control/twins) groups. The results revealed that the ewes reached maximum yield (peak) at the third and fourth week of lactation and decreased after that. In addition, milk yield was significantly (P<0.01) higher for ewes suckling twins than those suckling single lambs.Dietary supplementation of Nigella Sativa seeds significantly (P<0.01) increased milk fat percentage, protein percentage and milk energy. Also, fat percentage, protein percentage and milk energy gradually increased with the advance of lactation until the end of the lactation period.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26663.html}, eprint = {https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26663_11887084bc319eebdbf3398a6e36a932.pdf} } @article { author = {Soliman, E.}, title = {DOSE-RESPONSE OF VITAMIN E AND SELENIUM INJECTION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND IMMUNE RESPONSES OF OSSIMI LAMBS}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {1}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats}, issn = {2090-0386}, eissn = {2090-0376}, doi = {10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26664}, abstract = {ABSTRACTEighteen growing lambs averaged 3 months old and 16.92±1.23 kg body weight were used to assess the dose-response of vitamin E and Selenium (Se) injection on growth performance, hemato-biochemical indices, thyroid hormones, immune and antioxidant status. Lambs were randomly allocated into 3 equal groups (6 lambs each). The 1st group served as control and injected with 1.0 ml/head of sterile saline solution (0.9 % NaCl). The 2nd (T1) and the 3rd (T2) groups received vitamin E and Se injection at rate 0.5 ml/head (contained 3.57 IU vitamin E + 0.03 mg Se/head/day) and 1.0 ml/head (contained 7.14 IU vitamin E + 0.06 mg Se/head/day), respectively. The injection solution was administered biweekly and continued for 12 weeks. The results show that lambs received T2 had heavier (P<0.05) final body weight (FBW) than the control and T1. Average daily gain (ADG) was improved (P<0.05) for lambs received T1 and T2 vs. control. There was a significant (P<0.05) increase in FBW and ADG of lambs received T2 compared with those of T1. No significant differences in dry matter intake for lambs of T1 and T2 vs. control, while averages of feed conversion ratio were improved (P<0.05) for lambs received T2 compared to T1 and control. Lambs of T2 had higher (P<0.05) concentration of blood Hb and PCV % than those of T1 and control. The increase (P<0.05) in RBCs count was dose-dependent for lambs received T1 and T2. Leucocytes count and lymphocytes (%) increased (P<0.01) for lambs received T1 and T2 vs. control. Moreover, lambs of T2 had higher (P<0.05) concentrations of serum total protein and globulin than those of T1 and control. Serum cholesterol concentration decreased (P<0.05) for lambs received T1 and T2 vs. control. Also, lambs received T1 and T2 had higher (P<0.05) serum immunoglobulin G concentrations than the control. Serum triiodothyronine (T3) levels and T3:T4 ratio increased (P<0.05) for lambs received T1 and T2 vs. control. In addition, the results showed that serum total antioxidant capacity increased (P<0.01) for lambs received T1 and T2 vs. control. Lambs received T2 had higher (P<0.05) serum superoxide dismutase activity than those of control and T1. There were dose-dependent increases (P<0.05) in serum glutathione peroxidase activity for lambs received T1 and T2 vs. control. No significant differences in neutrophils, eosinophils,basophils, monocytes (%), serum levels of glucose, albumin, AST enzyme and T4 hormone due to injection of vitamin E and Se. These results show that injection of vitamin E and Se could exert dose-dependent beneficial effects on growing lambs which improve their growth performance concomitant with favourable signs for physiological responses, enhancing their immune function and antioxidant status.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26664.html}, eprint = {https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26664_aad94c7d8ed6022c1771d4593f2769c0.pdf} } @article { author = {Soliman, E.}, title = {CHANGES IN PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, HEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL INDICES, IMMUNE AND ANTIOXIDANT STATUS OF GROWING OSSIMI LAMBS SUBJECTED TO VITAMINS A AND E ADMINISTRATION}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {1}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats}, issn = {2090-0386}, eissn = {2090-0376}, doi = {10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26665}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThis study included 32 growing Ossimi male lambs, averaged 3.5 months of age and 19.08±1.09 kg body weight. They divided into four equal groups (8 lambs each) to determine the effects of vitamins A and E oral administration on growth performance, hematological and biochemical parameters, immune and antioxidant status. The 1st group served as control, the 2nd group (VA) received oral administration of vitamin A at 50,000 IU/head/biweekly, the 3rd group (VE) received vitamin E at 400 mg/head/biweekly, and the 4th group (VA+E) received 50,000 IU vitamin A plus 400 mg vitamin E /head/biweekly. Data showed an increase (P<0.05) in body weight (BW) of lambs received VA and VA+E vs. control. Average daily gain (ADG) increased (P<0.05) for lambs received VA and VA+E vs. control and VE treatment. ADG was higher (P<0.05) for lambs received VA+E than those received each of VA or VE alone. Feed conversion efficiency (FCE) was improved (P<0.05) for lambs received VA and VA+E vs. control and VE treatment. No differences in dry matter intake (DMI) was recorded among the experimental groups. Blood Hb concentrations increased (P<0.05) for lambs received VA, VE and VA+E, while RBCs count and PCV % were increased (P<0.05) only for lambs received VE and VA+E. No significant response of WBCs count among lambs received VA, VE and VA+E vs. control. Lymphocytes %increased (P<0.05) with no significant differences in eosinophils, basophils and monocytes % for lambs received VA, VE and VA+E vs. control. Lambs treated with VE alone exhibited a decrease (P<0.05) in neutrophils vs. lambs of control, VA and VA+E. Serum total protein (TP) and globulin concentrations increased (P<0.05) with VA, VE and VA+E treatments vs. control. Serum TP and albumin concentrations increased (P<0.05) for lambs treated with VA+E treatment when compared to those treated with VA treatment alone. Lambs received VA, VE and VA+E treatments had higher (P<0.05) serum IgG concentrations than the control. VE treatment increased (P<0.05) serumIgG concentrations vs. VA treatment. There were significant (P<0.05) increases in serum total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity for lambs received VA, VE and VA+E treatments vs. control. Lambs of VE treatment had higher (P<0.05) serum GSH-Px activity than those of VA treatment. No significant differences in serum concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, AST and superoxide dismutase activity was noticed due to treatments VA, VE and VA+E vs. control. These results indicate that combination of vitamins A and E exerted beneficial additive effects that improve ADG and physiological responses of lambs. Vitamin A was more effective than vitamin E in enhancing growth performance of lambs, whereas vitamin E had more potent effect on improving immune response and antioxidant status.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26665.html}, eprint = {https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26665_061223635a9def0405a1af90994821ce.pdf} } @article { author = {Metawi, Helmy and Saifelnasr, E. and Teleb, Doaa, and El Badawy, A. and El- Sayed, Eitedal,}, title = {HERD COMPOSITION, PRODUCTION LEVEL AND PHYSICAL APPEARANCE OF SHEEP KEPT UNDER NEW VALLEY OASES FARMING SYSTEMS.}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences}, volume = {10}, number = {1}, pages = {1-6}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats}, issn = {2090-0386}, eissn = {2090-0376}, doi = {10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26666}, abstract = {ABSTRACTThe study was aimed to recognize the herd composition, sheep productivity and physical appearance in two oases (Dakhla and Farafra) located in the Egyptian western desert, New Valley. A set of semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information from 245 sheep owners based on single-visit-interviews. The study revealed that farmers keep mixed livestock species. Sheep production is the major livestock activity in Farafra oasis. On the other hand, households in Dakhla oasis own higher number of cattle per herd; this may be due to relatively larger land holdings that can be cultivated, as well as, more land allocation for green fodder in this area. About three quarter of sheep in the two oases have a white body, legs and tail colors. The prevailing sheep breeds raised in the studied areas are fat tail sheep in Dakhla flocks and thin tail sheep in Farafra flocks. The average litter size and weaning weight of fat tail sheep were significantly lower (1.22 and 12.2 kg, respectively) than that in thin tail sheep (1.37 and 17.4 kg, respectively). Higher lamb mortality rates (17%) were recorded for Dakhla flocks comparing to Farafra flocks (9%). Meanwhile, no significant differences were detected among sheep of the two oases for other traits such as age at first lambing, lambing interval and age at marketing. In average, females in the studied areas gave first birth at age 1.3 years and lambed every 8.6 months. It is concluded that the level of production of sheep in the studied areas is generally low. The relatively better performance of Farafra sheep may due to genetic superiority of the breed and /or better-feed situation of the area. Reasons of high lamb mortality rates, especially in Dakhla flocks, should be identified and reduced in order to make sheep production profitable and sustainable.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26666.html}, eprint = {https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26666_31d6d5ffd18874b7afcf0416dbdd58fc.pdf} }