ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of fungal treatment of some agricultural residues
ABSTRACTTwo low quality roughages, namely rice straw (RS) and corn stalks (CS) were subjected to biological treatment under solid state fermentation by Trichoderma Viride to improve their nutritive value. Four tested rations were allotted randomly on four groups of crossbred lambs (Rhamani×Ossimi) as following, two groups fed concentrate feed mixture (CFM) plus ad lib untreated either rice stalk (RS) (T1), or corn stalk (CS) (T3) and two groups fed concentrate feed mixture (CFM) plus ad lib treated either rice stalk (RS) (T2), or corn stalk (CS) (T4).Treatment of rice straw and corn stalk with Trichoderma Viride decreased contents of OM and CF, while contents of CP, EE and ash increased than those of untreated one.
Nylon bags technique by fistulated bull's buffalo show that, actual washing loss (W), intercept representing solubilized at initiation of incubation (a) and effective degradability (ED) kinetics of DM and OM degradability were significantly (P<0.05) increased for either treated rice straw (TRS) or treated corn stalk (TCS) compared to untreated. No significant differences were found between TRS and TCS for the fraction that potentially degradable in the rumen (b) for DM and OM, while values of PD of DM and OM for TRS were significantly (P<0.05) higher than TCS substrate.Total feed intake (TFI) for T2 and T4 were higher than T1 and T3, while TFI for T4 was the highest one and T3 was the lowest one. Crude protein intake and CP (g/kgw0.75) for T2 or T4 were higher compared to T1 or T3. The differences of ADG for different treatments were not significant. No significant difference among groups were noticed for feed conversion.Apparent digestion coefficient of CP for T2 and T4 were significantly (P<0.05) higher compared to T1 and T3, while no significant differences between T2 and T4. Crude fiber digestibility for T4 was significantly (P<0.05) higher than T2. At the same time, CF digestibility of ration containing TRS or TCS (T2 or T4) were
significantly (P<0.05) higher than that untreated (T1 or T3). Digestibilities of NDF and NDF for treated RS or CS were significantly (P<0.05) higher than untreated one, except NDF digestibility in T3 which was not significantly different. The digestibility values of cellulose were significantly (P<0.05) higher for T2 and T4 compared to untreated, while adverse effect was shown with hemicellulose. The nutritive values as TDN was insignificantly differed among tested ration. The values of DCP were significantly (P<0.05) higher with ration containing either TRS or TCS, while DCP values of ration containing TCS was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that containing TRS. Nitrogen balance (NB) was significantly (P<0.05) higher for both T2 and T4 compared to T1 and T3.It can be concluded from this study that Trichoderma viride treatment for rice straw and corn stalks can improve their feeding values without adverse effect on animal performance.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_27022_72cdf9b4d6d3c9ed4e9d911e46814804.pdf
2011-08-01
1
16
10.21608/ejsgs.2011.27022
Safa
Abdel-Azim
1
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center.
AUTHOR
Mona
Ahmed
2
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center.
AUTHOR
F.
Abo-Donia
3
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center.
AUTHOR
H.
Soliman
4
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain-Shams University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF RAHMANI MALE LAMBS FED RATIONS CONTAINING JATROPHA CAKE
SUMMARYThe objective of this study was to determine the effect of 70% Jatropha cake replaces by soybean on feedlot and reproductive performance of Rahmani male lambs. Following weaning the lambs were divided into two groups control and trial (n=8 in each). All groups were received concentrate and roughage as 60:40 ratios, respectively. The control lambs were fed concentrate feed mixture (CFM) plus berseem hay (BH). The trial lambs were nourished tested diet consisted of Jatropha cake instead of 70% soybean which contained CFM plus BH. Detoxification Jatropha cake by Lactic acid bacteria at rate of 1g/100 kg Jatropha cake. Measurements of live body weight, body weight gain and animal performances were calculated during five months as fattening period. The testicular characteristics were taken from 95 to 275 days and blood samples for testosterone hormone were started from 115 up to 275 days of age. Semen was collected by artificial vagina after lambs appeared 3rd stage of puberty. The experimental result explained that values of live body weight, testicular diameter, testicular circumference, testicular length and testicular volume of ram lambs in Jatropha diet were higher than those in control diet. Moreover, results showed no significant differences among experimental rations on average daily gain. However, the highest average daily gain of growing lambs was recorded with Jatropha followed by control. The average daily total DM (g/h/d) intake of control lambs was 1250, but 1300 consumed by Jatropha lambs. The average daily gain (g/h/d) was rather in Jatropha lambs 204.6 than control lambs 199.3. The feed utilization efficiency was 10.14 % for Jatropha supplemented diet. The totally experimental measurements of lambs were affected positively (P<0.05) with advanced age during pubertal development. The lambs in Jatropha reached puberty earlier (241.45 days) than in control male (272.24 days). The Jatropha lambs were produced semen quality in higher (P<0.05) than those in control lambs. Jatropha groups had better (P<0.05) testosterone hormone concentration values than CFM group. It could be concluded that bacterial Jatropha meal could be replaced up to 70% of soybean meal in CFM without any adverse impact on body performance, puberty development and semen production of lambs.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_27026_1517df0f650691d766ca06ef28525321.pdf
2011-08-01
1
10
10.21608/ejsgs.2011.27026
El- Zelaky,
A
1
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Khalifa,
I.
2
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mohamed,
H.
3
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Bahera,
Mohamed
4
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hussein,
M.
5
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
INFLUENCE OF USING REED FORAGE IN DIFFERENT FORMS AS FRESH, SILAGE AND HAY ON BLOOD PROFILE AND CARCASS QUALITY OF GROWING RAHMANI SHEEP
ABSTRACTAiming to complete evaluation of feeding on reed forage, this study concerned with measuring changes in carcass characteristics and blood profile due to feeding reed either fresh (RF), silage (RS) or hay (RH) to Rahmani growing lambs. Changes in most tested blood parameters were not significantly affected by type of feeds tested. But, hemoglobin (Hb), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and lymphocytes were significantly more with RS than RH. The same trend was noticed for total protein and globulin. The other blood parameters tested did not show preference for any of the tested diets. Carcass cuts show significant (P < 0.05) increase in shoulder and legs weight of groups fed RS or RF compared to RH and Berseem hay (BH). The prime cuts in general was heavier with RS followed by RF then estimates with RH and BH were significantly less. Weight of 9-11th ribs cut was increased with RS (530g) and RF (524g) than BH (479g) and RH (462g). Thus meat weight was significantly higher with both of RS and RF compared with BH and RH. The same trend was observed with fat weight. The animals fed RH ration had the lowest eye muscle area, while the largest area was recorded with RS where difference was significant between RH and RS only. Accordingly, reed in general has slight better but sure not less feeding values reflected on carcass and blood parameters when fed as silage compared to BH and other types of reed tested.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_27028_1bacf6fb8d1806241b2e88394f03e635.pdf
2011-08-01
1
12
10.21608/ejsgs.2011.27028
Ahmed,
E.
1
Sheep and goats Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
A.
Abdel-Gawad
2
Sheep and goats Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
E.
Shehata
3
Sheep and goats Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
S.
Tawfik
4
Biochemistry Research Department, Animal Health Institute, ARC, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF GOATS AS AFFECTED BY L-TYROSINE SUPPLEMENT.
ABSTRACTSixty Zaraibi does aged 2-4 years and weighed 35-40 kg were used to define the oral administration influence of L-tyrosine on ovarian activities and reproductive performance. Does were randomly assigned to three equal groups (20 each). The first group (G1): was kept as a control (without L-tyrosine treatment). The second (G2) and third (G3) groups were received oral dose of L-tyrosine at levels 1.0 and 1.5gm / 10 kg live body weight, respectively. L-tyrosine was given one week before the beginning of breeding season.Results show that
Does treated with L- tyrosine at level 1.0 gm (G2) had significantly (P≤ 0.05) higher oestrus (95.0%), while those treated with 1.5 gm (G3) had insignificant increase in oestrus (90%) compared to the control group (80%). The duration of oestrus showed the longest time (41.94 hr) with does on G2 (1.0 mg) and the shortest (13.73 hr) in G1 (control) (P < 0.05). While G3 (1.5 gm) had a medium duration (20.43 hr) which represent the normal duration. The interval from treatment to onset of oestrus (time to oestrus) was significantly (P≤ 0.05) shorter with does in G 3 and G2 than those in control group (G1). The non-return to oestrus of the does was significantly (P≤ 0.05) higher in G3 than G1.The does treated with .L-tyrosine at level 1.5 gm (G3) increased (P≤ 0.05) total number of ovulatory cycle and number of oestrus ovulatory cycles compared to the control does. The number of anoestrus ovulatory cycles / doe was
insignificantly decrease in G2 compared to the other groups (G1 and G3). Anoestrus ovulatory cycle (%) showed insignificant lowering in the does in G3 than G1 and G2.At pre-oestrus period, progesterone (P4) concentration in blood plasma was significantly (P≤ 0.05) higher in G2 does followed by G3 compared with control does (G1). At 4, 8 and 30 days post mating, P4 concentration was higher in does of G2 and G3 than that of G1.The pregnancy rate was significantly (P≤ 0.05) higher in G3 does than the control (G1). The interval from buck exposure to kidding was decreased in the does of G2 and G3 compared to G1. Gestation length was insignificantly shorter in does of G3 and G2 than does of G1. The does in G3 attained higher (P≤ 0.05) kidding percentage (200%) followed by G2 (190 %) compared to control group (150%). Number of kids born per doe kidded was higher with G2 and G3 does compared to control group. The percentage of does kidded twins and triplets were higher among does treated with L-tyrosine (G2 and G3) than control group (G1). Litter weight at birth was insignificantly higher for does treated with L-tyrosine (G2 and G3) than control does. Mortality rate was significantly (P≤ 0.05) lower in the does treated with L-tyrosine (G2 and G3) compared with control group (G1).
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_27031_236d03f4b034aeb2f5e92121b328945b.pdf
2011-08-01
1
10
10.21608/ejsgs.2011.27031
A.
ABU EL-ELLA
1
Animal Production Research institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki, Giza. Egypt.
AUTHOR
E.
EL-GOHARY
2
AUTHOR
A.
ABDEL-SAMEE
3
Suez Canal University, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, El-Arish, North Sinai, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF RECOMBINANT BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN (rbST) ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PUBERTY INCIDENCE OF MALE AND FEMALE LAMBS BORN FROM rbST TREATED EWES
ABSTRACTThis experiment was a continuation for the study on crossbred ewes treated by injection with 160 mg/ewe rbST at 14-day interval during pre- and post-partum period, where lambs were injected after weaning (2 months old) by 80 mg rbST/ lamb at 14- days interval till puberty. Growth performance and puberty of male and female lambs were studied.Live body weight (LBW) of treated male and female lambs was significantly heavier (P<0.05) than untreated lambs in the control group.Results showed early signs of puberty in treated male lambs, where injection of 80 mg rbST/ ram lamb reduced age (P<0.05) at the three stages of puberty (I, II and III) comparing to control. Moreover, average LBW was significantly higher (P<0.05) in treated ram lambs than those in control group at II and III stages of puberty. Scrotal circumference was
not affected by rbST treatment at all stages of puberty. However, puberty characteristics were more pronounced during the II and III stages, where ram lambs in treated group had significantly (P<0.05) younger age and heavier weights compared with control. Ejaculate volume, percentages of initial gross motility, sperm livability and abnormality percentage improved (P<0.05) by injection of rbST, while sperm cell concentration was not affected. Moreover, the overall plasma testosterone concentration was higher (P<0.05) in treated ram lambs (3.03± 0.4 ng/ml) compared to control group (1.85± 0.4 ng/ml).In ewe lambs, injection of rbST reduced age (P<0.05) at puberty by 60 days, while LBW at puberty in both treated and control group was almost the same. The plasma progesterone concentration during the pre- pubertal period was not affected by rbST treatment. In conclusion, administration of 80 mg rbST/ lamb at 14-day interval starting at 2 month of age improved growth performance, puberty characteristics and semen physical characteristics of male rams. Meanwhile, slight improvement was noticed on female lambs.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_27033_0cba55de70f50e5eee31199edea6cb0a.pdf
2011-08-01
1
10
10.21608/ejsgs.2011.27033
E.
El-Gohary
1
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center.
AUTHOR
Abdel-Khalek
A.
2
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University.
AUTHOR
T.
Ashmawy
3
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center.
AUTHOR
D.
Teleb
4
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center.
AUTHOR
A.
Sallam
5
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center.
AUTHOR