Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
REPRODUCTIVE BIOTECHNOLOGIES IN SHEEP AND GOATS - FROM ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION TO NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
1
1
EN
M.
S.S.
Abdou
Dept. of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo Universityز
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26640
ABSTRACT<br />Reproductive biotechnologies are playing an increasing important role in the production and management of farm animals, particularly sheep and goats. In general, these technologies include three main generations: 1) artificial insemination and gamete and embryo cryopreservation, 2) multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) and 3) in vitro fertilization procedures. Of these, artificial insemination has been the most successful and efficient reproductive technology that proved much valuable in reducing venereal diseases, increasing genetic merits of animals through selective breeding and eliminating lethal alleles. In conjunction with technologies of the first and second generations, sperm sexing in sheep has developed during the last two decades with a sorting success greater than 90%. Nevertheless, because of the relatively high cost and limited efficiencies, the potential benefits of utilizing sex-selecting techniques would most likely be realized in programs where the procedural cost would not outweigh the ability to disseminate the elite genetic potential. However, this technology has added a new dimension to livestock production. Implementing an embryo transfer program along with artificial insemination appeared to yield a substantial improvement. Furthermore, methods have been developed to circumvent the problematic anatomy of the ovine and caprine cervix, which prevents the widespread application of transcervical AI and ET in these species. As in other domestic animals, diagnostic procedures as ultrasonography and laparoscopy have been used as additional tools for monitoring the ovarian response to superovulatory treatment in sheep and goats as well as for laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LPOU), collection and transfer of embryos as well as intrauterine insemination.<br />Novel fourth generation-biotechnologies that aimed at accelerating progress by allowing animals of high genetic merits to produce more offspring than would be possible by natural breeding have lately emerged. These included cloning by nuclear transfer of embryonic or adult somatic cells, gene transfer, genomic selection and use of embryonic stem or germ cells. Cloning, in particular, has instigated great interest because the promise it holds of bypassing conventional breeding procedures to allow creation of precise duplicates of genetically engineered animals. In addition, studies have,
recently, been initiated to investigate the effect of this biotechnology on sex ratio of the young born and the safety of products from cloned animals for human consumption. Risk Assessment studies by the FDA’s Center for Veterinary Medicine concluded that edible products derived from either juvenile or adult clones pose no additional risk(s) relative to corresponding products from contemporary conventional comparators.<br />Nanotechnology, that allows researchers to handle biological materials in minute quantities, is a recent advancement in cellular and molecular biotechnology which bears enormous potential to revolutionize agriculture and livestock sector. In this context, microfluidics and nanofluidics are being researched as tools for simplifying traditional procedures of in vitro fertilization and in vitro embryo production.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26640.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26640_9dc09d483634b33a94593599b7f97b91.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
IMPACT OF PROLONGED FEEDING HALOPHYTIC PLANTS ON EWE'S REPRODUCTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE
1
16
EN
Safinaz
M.
Shawket
Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition - Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
P.O. Box: 11753 El – Mataria – Tel: 202 6335449 – Fax: 202 6357858.
Ibrahim
M.
Khattab
Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition - Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
P.O. Box: 11753 El – Mataria – Tel: 202 6335449 – Fax: 202 6357858.
Mohamed
H.
Ahmed
Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, El Gash Road – 55 – P.O. Box: 21321 - Alexandria, Egypt.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26641
ABSTRACT<br />Sixty Barki ewes (3-4 years old and 37.62±6.46 Kg body weight) in the breeding season were used to the end of the weaning season. Ewes were allocated randomly to three equal groups. First group (control) was fed ad libitum berseem hay; second and third groups were fed ad lib fresh and silage Atriplex+Acacia, respectively. All groups were supplemented with crushed barley grains. Results indicated that ewes fed silage diet recorded the higher dry matter intake (Kg/head/day) during early and late gestation and suckling periods. Atriplex+Acacia diets either fresh or silage decreased (P<0.05) ewes body weight at lambing comparing with control (48.63 and 47.55 vs. 51.23 Kg, respectively). Ewes fed Atriplex+Acacia diet either silage or fresh lost (P<0.05) less body weight during suckling period comparing with control group (2.95 and 4.59 vs. 5.14 Kg, respectively). The apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP, EE, and NFE for fresh and silage Atriplex+Acacia diets decreased (P<0.05) comparing with control diet. CF digestibility of silage diets was comparable to the control diet and both were higher (P<0.05) than the fresh halophytic diets. TDN and DCP values were decreased (P<0.05) related to consumption of halophytic diets either fresh or silage. Ewes group fed silage recorded higher daily milk production and lower fertility index (lambing rate: 100, 95 and 85 for control, fresh and silage groups, respectively). Some illness symptoms appeared on lambs at the first week of lambing of ewes in groups fed Atriplex+Acacia diets either fresh or silage especially silage group (tremors and convulsion of limbs so they were unable to suck their dams). Silage ewes group showed higher lamb mortality (11.1, 16.7 and 35.3% of born alive for control, fresh and silage groups, respectively). Offspring birth weight did not significantly affect. Lambs daily BW gain was 190.22, 165.05 and 159.67 g/day for control, fresh and silage Atriplex+Acacia groups, respectively. Blood minerals concentration were significantly affected (P<0.05) by the dietary treatments being mostly lower with halophytic forages groups than those of control. The same trend was noticed on milk yield.We can conclude that feeding Barki ewes halophytic plants especially as silage for long-term during breeding, pregnancy and lactation seasons could cause illness problem to their offspring and increase the mortality rate which may be due to deficiency in some important and necessary minerals for fetus growth during gestation.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26641.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26641_134d79798c27c21a2952c11dd2ea3e86.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2019
02
06
EFFECTS OF CRUSHED LINSEED OR LINSEED OIL SUPPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY GOATS AND FATTY ACIDS PROFILE IN MILK TOP OF FORM
1
1
EN
S.
M.
Kholif
Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12311, Egypt.
T.
A.
Morsy
Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12311, Egypt.
O.
H.
Matloup
Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12311, Egypt.
H.
M.
Ebeid
Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12311, Egypt.
A.
M.
Kholif
Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12311, Egypt.
10.21608/ejsgs.2019.26642
ABSTRACT<br />Fifteen lactating Damascus goats after the first week of lactation were divided into 3 groups (five animals each) using complete random block design to evaluate effect of linseed or linseed oil as diet supplement on rumen parameters, milk production, milk composition and milk fatty acids profile for lactating goats. Animals were fed on 50% concentrate feed mixture (CFM), and 50% berseem clover (control ration), control ration+50g/head/day crushed linseed (LS) and control ration+20 ml/head/day linseed oil (LO). Dry matter intake (DMI) was not affected by LO or LS. Ruminal total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and butyrate proportions were increased (P<0.05) but, ammonia nitrogen concentration were decreased (P>0.05) with experimental additives. Milk yield, milk protein and milk fat percent were higher (P <0.05) for animals fed LO followed by LS and then control, while milk urea nitrogen was decreased (P <0.05) with additives. The experimental additives decreased (P<0.05) total saturated fatty acids (TSFA) and increased (P>0.05) the proportion of C18:3N3 milk fat. Total unsaturated fatty acids (TUSFA) were increased (P<0.05) with LO but, no significant increase with LS noticed compare to control. The proportions of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) increased (P<0.05) with adding LO or LS to the diet. It could conclude that adding linseed or linseed oil to goat rations improved the productivity of lactating goats and so enhance milk components with no deleterious effects on general health.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26642.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26642_94e0a5bc92026b3e7e5c465f9baf8f06.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
EFFECT OF REPLACING MAIZE SILAGE WITH SWEET POTATO VINES SILAGE ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF LAMBS
1
1
EN
A.
A.H.
EL-Tahan
Animal production Research, Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
T.
F.
Mohammadi
Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
A.
A.
Bakr
Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26643
ABSTRACT<br />This study was carried out at the Regional Center for Food and Feed and El-Gemiza Experimental Station, Animal Production Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt. Eighteen Rahmani lambs averaged 21±1 kg body weight were used. The study carried out to evaluate replacing different levels of sweet potato vines silage (SPVS) with maize silage (MS) in lambs’ rations. Lambs assigned to 3 similar groups (6 each). Silage quality, nutrients digestibility, nutritive values and some rumen parameters were measured. Three adult rams assigned randomly in each group whom averaged 54 Kg body weight. The experimental rations composed of; T1 (control) ) 100 % MS according to NRC (1986) allowances, T2; 75 % MS+ 25 % SPVS and T3; 50 % MS +<br />50 % SPVS.<br />The results revealed that, SPVS characterized with its high content of CP and NFE and low content of CF and Ash than MS. MS silage had higher values of ammonia – N; acetic acid; butyric acid and lactic acid but SPVS had higher value of total acidity. The daily DM intake decreased with increasing SPVS ratio in experimental rations without any differences among all treatments.<br />Digestibilities of nutrients and nutritive values as TDN and DCP increased (P<0.05) with increasing SPVS ratio in the experimental rations.<br />The live body weight gain (LBW) of lambs fed ration 2 through the period from 26 to 36 weeks of age was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of T1 and T3. The feed conversion (feed/gain) for lambs fed T2 ration had the best values (P<0.05).<br />This investigation demonstrate that SPVS was a good substitution for MS. Feeding SPVS with MS up to 50 % in lambs rations improve digestibilities of nutrients, nutritive values and daily feed intake .
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26643.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26643_44ec577abebd3fad90301035e297fc23.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
EFFECT OF FEEDING SOME FORAGE SHRUBS ON GOATS PERFORMANCE AND RUMEN FERMENTATION IN DRY SEASON
1
16
EN
A.
A.
Hassan
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Salma.
H.
Abu Hafsa
Livestock Research Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt.
M.
H.
Yacout
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
M.
S.
Khalel
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
M.
A.R
Ibrahim
Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
Dorina
Mocuta
Faculty of Management and Economic Engineering, USAMV Bucharest; Department Coordinator, Internal Audit, USAMV Bucharest
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26644
ABSTRACT<br />The present study was performed to investigate the effect of feeding leaves and stems of Acacia saligna, Leucaena leucocephala and Moringa oleifera fodder on nutrients digestibility, nitrogen utilization, rumen fermentation and milk production of goats. Thirty lactating does (weight ranged from 30–33 kg), aged 2-4 years old and from 2nd to 3th lactation season were randomly allocated into three similar groups (10 animals each). Each doe was given 300 gm barley grains per day as energy supplement, while, the shrubs were given ad libitum. The first group fed fresh Acacia saligna, the second group fed fresh Leucaena leucocephala and the third group fed fresh Moringa oleifera ad libitum.<br />The lactating trial was extended for 75 days where goats were fed individually and fresh water was available at all times. Nutrients digestibility coefficients and dietary nitrogen utilization of experimental feeds were evaluated using four adult bucks. Rumen fermentation kinetics as well as some rumen parameters were monitored on three fistulated adult does.<br />Results indicated that M. oleifera and L. leucocephala fodder had the (P<0.05) highest in crude protein. Mostly digestibility of different nutrients of goats fed either M. oleifera or L. leucocephala rations were (P<0.05) higher than those fed acacia saligna one. But nutritive value, nitrogen utilization, and dry matter intake were (P<0.05) improved with goats fed L. leucocephal and M. oleifera in comparison with acacia saligna. Milk production, protein and fat percentage were (P<0.05) better for goats fed M. oleifera and L. leucocephala diet than those fed Acacia saligna diet. Ammonia-N, volatile fatty acids concentrations, rumen volume, microbial protein synthesis and total bacteria counts were (P<0.05) highest with M. oleifera and L. leucocephal groups compared with A. saligna group. Blood glucose and serum total protein were decreased in goats fed A. saligna. Thus, it could be concluded that M. oleifera and L. leucocephal fodder are suitable for feeding goats without any adverse effect on their growth performance.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26644.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26644_713fcbf70122ccfd6b324c43e94eee69.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
INTERFERON ALPHA AND INTERFERON BETA GENES SEQUENCE DIVERSITY IN PAKISTANI BEETAL GOATS
1
1
EN
Tanveer
Hussain
Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore.
Atiya
Yasmeen
Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University Veterinary Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000.
Fiaz
Hussain
Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University Veterinary Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000.
Abdulla
Wajid
Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University Veterinary Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000.
Asif
Nadeem
Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University Veterinary Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000.
Maryam
Javed
Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University Veterinary Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000.
Tahir
Yaqub
Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University Veterinary Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000.
Ali
Ahmad
Sheikh
University Diagnostic Lab, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000.
Masroor
Ellahi
Babar
Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26645
Abstract Goat considered as an important member with unique biological component of livestock and an important economic resource around the world. Beetal goat is distinguish breed in Pakistan due to its superior production. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) located on chromosome 23 of goat plays significant role in immune system. We sequenced the MHC Class I genes, interferon alpha and interferon β (IFN-α, IFN-β) in 35 samples of Beetal goat of Pakistan. In 361 bp fragment of IFN-α three mutations (A>G) were observed at position 83, 127 and 144 resulting in amino acid changes when compared with reference sequence accession No. XM005683621. The IFN-β was found more conserved as single non-synonymous mutation (G>C) that found at 258 position in 415 bp sequences of 40 animals comparing with reference sequence accession No. JX458085. This is the first report on MHC genes sequences in Beetal goat of Pakistan and the findings may lead to identification of molecular markers for selection of animals with better disease resistance.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26645.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26645_909f9b793b85fc243875cb1697f6d5d8.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
PESTE OF SMALL RUMINANTS IN ALGERIA: VIRUS CIRCULATION BY SEROSURVEY PRELIMINARY RESULTS
1
2
EN
Ratiba
Baazizi
National Veterinary Higher School, ENSV BP 161 Hacène Badi, EL Harrach, Algiers, Algeria.
Khatima
Ait-Oudhia
National Veterinary Higher School, ENSV BP 161 Hacène Badi, EL Harrach, Algiers, Algeria.
Satya
Parida
The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright , Ash Road, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
Mana
Mahapatra
The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright , Ash Road, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK.
Djamel
Khelef
National Veterinary Higher School, ENSV BP 161 Hacène Badi, EL Harrach, Algiers, Algeria.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26646
ABSTRACT<br />Peste of small ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious viral disease that mainly infects sheep and goats. PPR was firstly reported in West Africa in 1942 (Gargadennec and Lalanne, 1942) and spread to East Africa, the Middle East and Asia (Muniraju et al., 2014). In recent years it is extending to all the North African countries (Couacy-Hymann, 2013) and this could be due to the movement of animals from Sudan, Egypt and the Middle East (Banyard et al., 2010).<br />In Algeria, a serosurveillance was undertaken in 2011 in the Sahara desert region that confirmed serologically positive cases. However, the RT-PCR result was negative, and there were no signs of the clinical disease (OIE, 2011b). In 2012, De Nardi et al, (2011) reported circulation of lineage IV PPRV in Algeria. In the present study we reported the sero-prevalence of PPRV infection in sheep and goats allover Algeria.<br />A national sero-surveillance on small ruminants (sheep and goats) was conducted in 2012. The survey covered all the 48 administrative districts (Wilayas) of the country. The animals were randomly sampled for serologic screening for PPR. Blood samples were collected from 70 animals from each species from each district. A total of 3396 samples (2786 sheep and 610 goats) were collected from 202 livestock herds distributed over the 48 districts of Algeria. The serum samples were screened for PPRV-specific antibodies using c-ELISA commercially available kits.<br />The results revealed the rate of serologic prevalence of PPR, at the national level, has to be 68.8% where 139 herds were positive out of 202 total herds. This national sero-prevalence rate is relatively high compared to the rate of 28.9% reported in the North of Burkina Faso (Sow et al., 2008). Similarly there was spatial variability of the prevalence between the different regions of the country; the highest prevalence rate was registered for the west region (86.8%) while the lowest was for the north (51.4%). However, the statistical analysis did not show significant difference among regions.
At individual level, sero-prevalence was lower in sheep (17.4%) than in goats (24.9%). Further, this study showed that there is a relationship between the animal’s age, sex and the prevalence of PPR. We observed that seroprevalence was higher in young population, and in females compared to the adult population and males.<br />There is no regular vaccination against PPR in Algeria. The sero-prevalence evaluated in small ruminants in this survey, in different region of the country, indicated that there is circulation of the virus throughout the country. Therefore it is of utmost importance to put in place a control strategy to control PPR in the country.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26646.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26646_50e80469c397d3d17a38626321a52912.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF YUCCA SCHIDIGERA ADDED TO ZARAIBI DAIRY GOATS’ DIET ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, SOME RUMEN AND BLOOD PARAMETERS
1
1
EN
Hanan,
A.M.
Hassanien
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Mohamed,
A.
H.
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Abdel-El-Majied,
A.
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Khalifa,
E.
I.
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Azza
M.M.
Badr
Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26647
ABSTRACT<br />The study aimed to determine the effect of supplementing concentrate feed offered to Zaraibi dairy goats with Yucca schidigera extract on growth performance and some rumen and blood parameters. Twenty-four Zaraibi dairy goats over 3 years old and averaged 34.49±2.15 kg body weight were used. The animals were allocated into three equal groups (8 each). The first group served as control (R1) which fed the basal ration. The second group (R2) fed the basal diet plus 250 mg/h/d Yucca Schidigera extract (YSP) in the form of bolus as a single dose while the third group fed the basal diet plus 500 mg YSP/h/d. The basal ration consisted of 60% concentrate feed mixture (CFM) + 40% roughage (berseem hay, BH and rice straws, RS). Dry matter intake, average body weight gained and feed conversion efficiency were estimated. The obtained results elucidated that R2 and R3 had (P<0.05) heavier live body weight (LBW) during experiment. In addition, LBW of does in R2 and R3 had similar (P>0.05) improvement in other weights compared to R1. Yucca schidigera supplementation decreased significantly ruminal ammonia nitrogen concentration during all the experimentation period (P<0.05).
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26647.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26647_3b868d479435cda67ce747518aa7a462.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA SEEDS SUPPLEMENTATION ON MILK YIELD AND MILK COMPOSITION OF SHEEP
1
1
EN
Abd-El moty
A.K.
I.
Dep. of Anim. Prod., Fac. of Agric., Minia Univ, Egypt.
A.
I.
Zanouny
Dep. of Anim. Prod., Fac. of Agric., Minia Univ, Egypt.
M.
A.A.
El-barody
Dep. of Anim. Prod., Fac. of Agric., Minia Univ, Egypt.
M.
T
sallam
Dep. of Anim. Prod., Fac. of Agric., Minia Univ, Egypt.
A.
A.
Abd El Hakeam
Dep. of Anim. Prod., Fac. of Agric., Minia Univ, Egypt.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26648
ABSTARCT<br />A total number of 20 Ossimi ewes were used in this experiment. Ewes were randomly assigned to four equal groups, two groups suckled singles and two groups suckled twins. Ewes suckled singles (G1) fed basal single-diet while G2 fed the S-basal diet+100 mg Nigella Sativa seeds/kg body weight/head/day. Ewes suckled twins (G3) fed twin-basal diet while (G4) fed twin-basal diet +100mg Nigella Sativa seeds/kg body weight/ head/day.<br />Daily milk yield was measured for each ewe starting from the fifth day post lambing until weaning at 3rd month. Milk samples were taken weekly throughout the suckling period from all tested ewes. The samples were taken in the morning and afternoon and then both samples were mixed together for chemical analysis. Milk composition was determined by using 50 ml milk samples. Milk samples were analyzed for fat % and protein %. Milk energy values were calculated.<br />The results of this experiment indicate that milk yield showed insignificant differences at first and second weeks of the experimental period but from third to twelfth weeks the milk yield significantly increased (P<0.01) in G2 and G4 groups compared to the controls (G1) & G3. This result revealed that ewes reached maximum yield production (peak) at the third and fourth week of lactation then decreased after. In addition, milk yield was significantly (P<0.01) higher for ewes suckling twins than those suckling single lambs.<br />Dietary supplementation with Nigella Sativa seeds significantly (P<0.01) increased milk fat percentage, protein percentage and milk energy. In addition, fat percentage, protein percentage and milk energy gradually increased with advance of lactation until the end of the lactation period.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26648.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26648_06dd580d8a1788d6a4e507eb5b370a85.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
EFFECT OF FEEDING OLIVE CAKE TO RAHMANI RAMS ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE
1
1
EN
Fatma,
R.
Abed-El-Aziz
Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Maha,
S.
Zyada
Reproductive Research Institute, Al Haram, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26649
ABSTRACT<br />Twenty Rahmani rams about 7 - 9 months old and 46 - 60 kg live body weight were randomly divided into two equal groups (ten rams each) to study the effect of adding olive cake (OC) on feed intake, daily gain, nutrients digestibility, blood parameters and reproductive performance. The rams fed the control diet T1 ( 60% concentrate feed mixture (CFM) +20% berseem hay +20% rice straw) and T2 (replacing rice straw in control ration with olive cake (60% DM). Animals were fed according to NRC (1984). The experiment lasted for 16 weeks, where a digestibility trial performed at the end. At last month of experimentation, semen sample was collected and evaluated. Results show that the OC contain 7.21% crud protein, 33.5% crude fiber, 6.98% ether extract and 9.4% ash. Significant differences were observed among treatments in DM, OM, CF and NFE digestibilities. The highest values of total gain and daily gain were recorded for T2.<br />Meanwhile, digestibility coefficients of CF, EE and nutritive value as TDN % were improved with dietary treatment (T2). Number of mounting was significantly (P˂0.05) lower in (T1) (9.8 mounts) than T2 (16.7 mounts). Reaction time tended to be longer in T2 (46.63) than those in T1 (62.23). Number of ejaculation tended to be numerous in T2 compare to T1 (6.2 vs 4.5). Concentration of total protein, albumin and globulin were significantly (P˂0.05) higher in treated group T2 than in control group (6.50, 4.1 and 3.9 vs. 4.92, 2.75 and 2.62 g/dl, respectively). The hormone T4 concentration showed slight difference between untreated and treated group (4.80 vs. 4.95 g/dl). Testosterone concentration was significantly higher in treated group (T2) than in control group (11.43 vs. 7.77 ng ̷ ml, respectively). The result of the present study indicate that feeding rams on ration containing olive cake (as a forage) had beneficial effect on semen quality with marked change in productive performance and improvement in sexual behavior.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26649.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26649_5094d8407e5fbeda339c515c52813297.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
EFFECT OF CORN STEEP LIQUER ON PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY ZARAIBI GOATS
1
10
EN
Fatma
E.
Saba
Sheep and Goats Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
H.
R.
Behery
Sheep and Goats Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
A.
A.A.I.
Gomaa
Sheep and Goats Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
A.
M.
Abdel-Gawad
Sheep and Goats Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
M.
E.
Ahmed
Sheep and Goats Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26650
ABSTRACT<br />The objective of the present study was to study the influence of replacing concentrate feed mixture (CFM) with different levels of corn steep liquor (CSL) at the rates of 10, 20, and 30% on the basis of crude protein supply in diets. Twenty four Zaraibi does, at the beginning of pollination season (flushing period), weighing 37.5 kg and aged < 30 months, were selected from El Serw farm and divided into four similar groups (n=6/group). The groups were assigned at random to receive the four experimental rations. All goats offered treatment diets 30 days before the breeding season as flushing period then through pregnancy and lactation periods. Dietary effects on average birth and weaning weights, total body gain and daily body gain of kids, kilogram kids born, kg kids weaned/does, mortality rate of kids, and economic efficiency were studied. Total and daily milk yield (34weeks), total solids, fat, total protein, lactose, ash and pH value were measured for milk. Average daily feed intake from CSL, CFM, roughage, total DM intake, DM intake (g/kg w0.75) and feed utilization efficiency were studied. The results revealed that productive and reproductive performance of dairy Zaraibi goats were affected by using CSL. It seems that cases of twins and litter size was more . The greatest value of litter size was recorded with Tr1 (control) (2.5) and the lowest value (2.17) was recorded with Tr2 (10% CSL) and Tr4 (30% CSL). But, Tr3 (20% CSL) recorded medium value (2.33). Meanwhile, birth and weaning weights were higher in Tr2 (1.77 and 12.46 kg) than Tr1 (control) (1.57 and 9.58kg, respectively). The same trend was observed also with kilograms produced per doe which was greatly better with CSL in Tr2 and Tr3 (20.6 and 20.67, respectively) compared with the other groups. However, the percentage of mortality recorded the highest value in Tr4 (22.22%) then Tr1 (13.89%) followed by Tr3 (8.33%), while mortality rate was zero in Tr2. Data of daily milk yield, was significantly reduced with Tr1(1.00 kg/h) compared with Tr2 (1.30 kg/h),Tr3 (1.210 kg/h) and Tr4 (1.380 kg/h). Also, total milk yield was reduced with control group (238kg) by 13.0, 21.0 and 37.8% compared with Tr2 (269kg), Tr3 (288kg) and Tr4 (328kg) and the differences were significant. Total solids (TS) milk, fat, protein and lactose were significantly influenced by the tested treatments. The lowest values (P≤0.05) of TS, protein and lactose were recorded with control ration (11.83, 3.02, 2.86 and 4.63%, respectively). The data of milk quality indicated that PH value was higher (6.77) with control group compared with the other three levels of CSL (6.61, 6.67 and 6.67 for Tr2, Tr3 and Tr4, respectively). Based on results of the present study, it could be safely concluded that replacing CFM with CSL in Zaraibi does rations resulted the better productive and reproductive performance and feedlot performance.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26650.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26650_6d2dc527ad239e3a3857280325eb26f0.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
IMPACT OF NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES IN RATION ON PRODUTIVE AND REPRODUTIVE PERFORMANCE OF EWES
1
14
EN
Khalifa,
E.
I.
Animal Production Research Institute, Sheep and Goat Research Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Y.
H.
Hafez
Animal Production Research Institute, Sheep and Goat Research Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
A.
A.
Mahrous
Animal Production Research Institute, By-products Utilization Research Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
H.
R.
Behery
Animal Production Research Institute, Sheep and Goat Research Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Hanan,
A. M.
Hassanien
Animal Production Research Institute, By-products Utilization Research Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Amal,
A.
Fayed
Animal Production Research Institute, By-products Utilization Research Department, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26651
ABSTRACT<br />The present work aimed to define the influence of the non-conventional energy sources added to the ration on productive and reproductive performance of ewes. The variety of energy sources such as basal conventional energy (BCE) and admixture of unconventional energy (UCE) protected fat (PF) and corn steep liquor (CSL) were investigated. Ten healthy and mature Rahmani ewes were divided into two groups (n=5). Ewes in 1st group fed BCE contained gross energy (GE) at a level of 300.21 cal/100 gm diets as 60% concentrate feed mixture (CFM) + 40% rice straw (RS). While, 2nd group nourished UCE which given ewes GE at a level of 332.46 cal/100 gm diets (55% CFM + 40% RS + 2.5% PF + 2.5% CSL). All ewes were received both BCE and UCE at 21 days pre-mating season and continued until lambing. The changes in body weight, fertility rate and parity pattern of ewes fed BCE and UCE were measured. Progesterone (P4) profile was also determined during gestation and number of fetuses. Blood metabolites were investigated during different stages of gestation.<br />The obtained results showed that ewes given UCE had slight (P>0.05) improvement in body weight but at prepartum they had significantly (P<0.05) higher live body weight compared with ewes received BCE energy. Ewes fed UCE showed improvement prolificacy (100%) and parity patterns as twins rate (40.00%) compared to ewes received BCE that have feeble prolificacy (83.33%) and twins rate (20.00%). Progesterone (P4) in ewes fed UCE had higher (P<0.05) levels than ewes fed BCE during different stages of gestation. Fetus numbers emphasized that the level of P4 in ewes carrying two fetuses increased (P<0.05) compared to ewes carrying just one fetus throughout gestation. The blood metabolites of ewes fed UCE showed higher (P<0.05) levels of total proteins, albumin, globulin, cholesterol, glucose, calcium and phosphorus than ewes fed BCE. However, serum creatinine, triglycerides and urea-N in ewes fed UCE were insignificantly higher than those of BCE ewes. This study concluded that unconventional energy is recommended to be included in farm animal diets at moderate amounts. Maintaining normal range for most commonly used serum biochemical parameters during different reproductive stages should considered in farm management strategy.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26651.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26651_465d268969562ac8c99b19a399b4d1bf.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
SOME PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WOOL AND HAIR OF BOTH GOAT AND CAMEL
1
6
EN
Helal,
A.
Al-Betar,
E.
M.
Gad-Allah,
A.
A.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26652
ABSTRACT<br />Representative samples of Barki wool hair of both Baladi and Shami goats and Camel-hair were collected during shearing time. Scales of fibers play a vital role in some characteristics like fineness, softness, smoothness, light reflection and abrasion. In the present study scales edges found to be smooth or rippled in wool, rippled or smooth in camel hair, while it was smooth in goat's hair of both Baladi and Shami. Distances between scales were near to distance in all studied fibers types. Scales appearance was mosaic in wool, Chevron in camel-hair and wave in goat hair. The variation among studied fibers types in medulla type and medullary index were also discussed.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26652.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26652_fca9952c79a6540826fb042a873129e6.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2019
02
06
EFECTF OF VITAMIN E AND SELENIUM ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND REPRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTISTICS OF SOHAGI EWES
1
1
EN
A.
Y.
Kassab
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, New valley, University of Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
A.
A.
Mohammed
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
10.21608/ejsgs.2019.26653
ABSTRACT<br />Forty-two Sohagi ewes averaged 33.86±3.00 kg and 2-2.5 years old used to evaluate the effect of vitamin E plus selenium (Se) on some physiological and reproductive performances. The ewes randomly divided into three equal groups (14 ewes each). The first group (G1) injected intramuscularly with 1.0 ml/10kg body weight ( BW) of saline solution (0.9 % NaCl) and served as control, while the second and third groups (G2 & G3) injected with 0.5 and 0.75 ml/10 kg BW viteselen (vitamin E plus Se), respectively. The ewes injected with viteselen biweekly for eight weeks (4 weeks before mating and 4 weeks after mating).<br />Digestibility coefficients and nutrient values were determined after the second injection and before mating during the study. Estrus synchronized by sponges impregnated with progesterone. Blood samples collected biweekly for determination of hematological concentration (RBC, WBC, Hb, PCV, MCH, WBC differentiation). Serum separated for determination of metabolites concentrations (Total protein, albumin, globulin and urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, AST, ALT) and hormonal concentrations (Triiodothyronine, thyroxin, and progesterone). All animals checked for the onset of estrus two times daily using intact ram. Reproductive measures including estrus response, pregnancy and lambing rates were recorded. Also, the number of lambs' frequency of single, twin and mortality rate were recorded among groups. Birth weight of lambs were recorded.<br />The results showed that body weight gain of treated ewes (G2 & G3) and birth weight of their lambs were higher (P<0.05) than those of control group (G1). Digestibility coefficients and nutritive values not changed due to vitamin E plus Se treatment. Blood hemoglobin concentrations increased (P<0.05) in G2 and G3 treated groups. The total leucocytes count and lymphocytes percentages increased (P<0.05) in treated groups (G2 & G3). Serum metabolites concentrations also not changed due to vitamin E plus Se treatment. Progesterone concentration insignificantly increased in treated groups after mating. Reproductive measures were improved in vitamin E plus Se treated groups. These results indicated that injection of vitamin E plus Se to ewes for 4 weeks prior mating and 4 weeks after mating improved birth weight, reproductive performance and some immune responses as a result of favorable signs in their physiological reactions.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26653.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26653_c6f70a54e18b530ec12a72ec9f9dbb3d.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
FACTORS AFFECTING ECONOMIC SUCCESS OF GOAT KEEPING IN SOUTHERN JORDAN
1
1
EN
J.
Al-Khaza’leh
University of Hohenheim, Department of Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, Germany.
C.
Reiber
University of Hohenheim, Department of Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, Germany.
A.
Valle
Zárate
University of Hohenheim, Department of Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, Germany.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26654
ABSTRACT<br />Goat production is an integral part of farming systems in Jordan where goats represent basic assets for rural livelihoods. Water is a crucial input for animal productivity and in Jordan water scarcity considers an important bottleneck limiting livestock production. This study aimed to assess the contribution of water costs to the economic performance of goat production under different production systems in southern Jordan. Data were collected from a total of 120 purposely selected goat keepers from June to October 2012 using a survey based on structured questionnaire. Indicators for the goat economic performance were gross margin (GM), benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and net benefit (NB). Feed shared the highest cost of the total variable costs (75%) followed by transportation of water and feed (12%), labor (9%), veterinary (4%) and water costs (0.2%). The total variable costs were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the transhumant system than the sedentary system. In the transhumant system, the one-way mean distance and the corresponding time to the water sources were significantly (P<0.001) higher with 6.7 km and 25.2 minutes, compared to 2.8 km and 9.9 minutes in the sedentary system.The significantly longer travel distance to fetch water from water sources sites in the transhumant system was associated with a significantly higher transportation cost, i.e. higher fuel and labor costs, than in the sedentary system. In the transhumant system, household heads were primarily responsible for fetching water for goats followed by hired labors, while in the sedentary system hired labors were predominantly in charge of fetching water. Only transportation including water and feed, and labor costs per flock and head showed a significant (P<0.01) impact on GM. NB per head was significantly higher in the transhumant than in the sedentary system.The sedentary system showed a slightly higher benefit-cost ratio than the transhumant system (P>0.05). In spite of higher water transportation cost in the transhumant system, goat production is profitable and economically viable in both systems.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26654.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26654_d2e6a416a17aad63efd39c116687c135.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
FATTENING OPERATIONS OF SMALL RUMINANTS IN COASTAL ZONE OF WESTERN DESERT, EGYPT
1
1
EN
Taha
Hosni
APRI (Animal Production Research Institute), Nadi El-Said st., Dokki, PO 12618, Giza, Egypt.
Jean-Pierre
Boutonnet
INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), 2 place Viala, 34070 MONTPELLIER CEDEX, France.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26655
ABSTRACT<br />A survey was carried out in 2012 in the Coastal Zone of Western Desert of Egypt, of which the main objectives were to (i) characterize the fattening operations of small ruminants in this area, (ii) identify the factors that affect the fattening operations and (iii) determine the criteria that drive the choice of animals to be fattened.<br />Primary data were captured by means of personal interviews with 55 fatteners using a specialized questionnaire. The processing of the data from these interviews revealed some important aspects:<br />Fatteners prefer to fatten lambs more than kids,<br />The demand of fattened lambs increases at the period of religious celebrations (El-Aid El Adha and Ramadhan) and seasons (summer holidays),<br />Although most of the fatteners cooperate with each other for information on this subject, their main problem seems to be the availability and price of feedstuffs, as the grazing resource is more and more scarce.<br />Most of the fatteners pay with delay, at high prices, when purchasing feedstuffs. As a result the added value for the fattened animal is often very low.<br />All these factors limit the ability of most of the traders to undertake fattening.<br />Providing feedstuffs at low prices or introducing loans for the traders to face high prices of feedstuffs and animals should be the suggestions to face the difficulty of fattening activity.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26655.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26655_ab47beb27301fb6d061ef3739ca698cf.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
PATTERN OF SMALL RUMINANTS OWNERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT BY AGRO-PASTORALISTS WITHIN PERI-URBAN KANO, SEMI-ARID, NIGERIA
1
1
EN
Y.
Garba
Centre for Dryland Agriculture, Bayero University, Kano.
I.
R.
Muhammad
Department of Animal Science, Bayero University, Kano.
A.
Suleiman
Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Bayero University, Kano.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26656
ABSTRACT<br />A diagnostic survey using the multi-stage sampling technique based on high concentration of agro-pastoralists was used to elicit information on the demographic characteristics of agro-pastoralists, small ruminant ownership and production systems in semi-arid, Nigeria. A total sample size of two hundred was used. Results revealed most (88%) of the farmers were males within the ages of 21 to 30 years. Production experience was acquired mainly through inheritance, however evidence of diverse occupations among the respondents was observed. Semi-intensive system was practiced and choice of management attributed to convenience (28%) and low management cost (22%). The major sources of sheep and goat acquisition were through purchase (61% and 38% respectively) and gift 14% and 28% for sheep and goat. Reasons for rearing were to meet supply during festive periods (45%) and relative high demand of sheep while for goat was due to ease of rearing (61%). It is concluded that small ruminant rearing is practiced by all age groups and gender. Thus, opportunities for testing improvement intervention are to be targeted at all age groups and gender since the younger generation will inherit the production practices along with any improvement technology. It is however recommended that livestock improvement strategies for sheep should be propagated during festive periods while that on goat could be year- round.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26656.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26656_049e1c20084502c517c514b8a0568569.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
FLOCK STRUCTURE, LEVEL OF PRODUCTION, AND MARKETING OF SHEEP RAISED UNDER NEW VALLEY OASES FARMING SYSTEMS.
1
1
EN
Metawi,
H. R.
M.
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
E.
O.H.
Saifelnasr
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
Doaa,
F.
Teleb
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
A.
A.
El Badawy
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
Eitedal,
H.
El- Sayed
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26657
ABSTRACT<br />The study aimed to recognize the sheep flock composition, productivity, and marketing in two oases (Daghla and Farafra) located in the Egyptian western desert, New Valley. A set of semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information from 243 sheep owners based on single-visit-interviews. The study indicates that households in Daghla oasis own higher number of cattle per herd; this may be due to relatively larger land holdings and more land allocation for green fodder in this area. On the other hand, sheep production is the major livestock activity within Farafra oasis. In terms of sex structure, about 74% of sheep owned are females and 26% are males. Breeding females represent the larger proportion while the second largest group is those at suckling age in Farafra flocks and ewe lambs in Daghla flocks. The prevailing sheep breeds raised in the study areas are fat tail sheep in Daghla flocks and thin tail sheep in Farafra flocks. The average litter size and weaning weight of fat tail sheep were found to be 1.22 and 12.2 kg, respectively. The corresponding values for thin tail sheep were 1.37and 17.4 kg, respectively. Higher lamb mortality rates (17%) were estimated for Daghla flocks but the figures were lower (9%) in Farafra flocks. For other traits such as age at first lambing, lambing interval and age at marketing, no significant differences in performance were observed among sheep of the two Oases. In average, females in the study areas give first birth at age 1.3 years and lambed every 8.6 months. In all studied areas, sheep were sold mainly at the farm gate when money is needed to buy farm inputs. It is concluded that the level of production of sheep in the studied areas is generally low. Lamb mortality rates, especially in Daghla flocks, should be also reduced in order to make sheep production profitable and sustainable.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26657.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26657_8b3b5fe801ddf8534d014ac05ea1be93.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
EFFECT OF ALFALFA HAY REPLACEMENT WITH ACACIA ON THE NUTRIENTS DIGESTION, NITROGEN BALANCE, NUTRITIVE VALUES AND RUMEN FERMENTATION IN ARDI GOATS
1
1
EN
A.
M.
El-Waziry
Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O Box 2460, 11451Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
S.
Basmaeil
Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O Box 2460, 11451Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
A.
N.
Al-Owaimer
Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O Box 2460, 11451Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
H.
Metwally
Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O Box 2460, 11451Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
M.
H.M.
Ali
Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O Box 2460, 11451Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26658
ABSTRACT<br />This work planned to study the effect of acacia substitution for traditional alfalfa hay as alternative fodder in feeding goats, on the nutrients digestion, nitrogen balance, nutritive values and rumen fermentation. A total of 32 Ardi goats (initial weight 27.66±0.28 kg) were used in this study (20 intact animals for the digestibility and nitrogen balance and 12 canulated animals for ruminal fermentation). Goats were randomly assigned into 4 groups, five and three animals each for digestibility and rumen fermentation, respectively. Goats in-group 1 fed a control diet containing 40% alfalfa hay and 60% concentrate mixture. Goats in groups 2, 3 and 4 fed diets in which 20, 30 and 40% of acacia replaced as the same percent of alfalfa hay in control diet. There were no significant differences between the control group and group 3 fed 30% acacia, in digestion coefficients of DM, OM, CP and CF. There were no significant differences among all groups in EE. The goats fed 30% of acacia had the best nutrients digestion compared to the other two groups fed 20 and 40 % acacia whereas almost similar to control group. The same manner was shown in nitrogen balance, DCP, TDN, digestible and metabolizable energy and rumen fermentation. It could conclude that there was no negative impact on digestion of goat diet when acacia replaced alfalfa up to 30%.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26658.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26658_692db5baba95abc19e397f528190a3c5.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
TOTAL FERMENTATION SILAGE OF TOFU INDUSTRY BY PRODUCT AND ITS APPLICATION FOR LOCAL SHEEP PRODUCTION OF FARMER GROUP
1
2
EN
Zaenal
Bachruddin
Faculty of Animal Science, University of Gadjah Mada, Jalan Fauna No: 3, Kampus Ugm , Bulaksumur Yogyakarta, INDONESIA, 55281 Phone: (0274) 513363, 588688, EXT 73106/ 521578, Mobile : +62 (0811255922).
Supadmo
Supadmo
Faculty of Animal Science, University of Gadjah Mada, Jalan Fauna No: 3, Kampus Ugm , Bulaksumur Yogyakarta, INDONESIA, 55281 Phone: (0274) 513363, 588688, EXT 73106/ 521578, Mobile : +62 (0811255922).
Lies
Mira
Yusiati
Faculty of Animal Science, University of Gadjah Mada, Jalan Fauna No: 3, Kampus Ugm , Bulaksumur Yogyakarta, INDONESIA, 55281 Phone: (0274) 513363, 588688, EXT 73106/ 521578, Mobile : +62 (0811255922).
Chusnul
Hanim
Faculty of Animal Science, University of Gadjah Mada, Jalan Fauna No: 3, Kampus Ugm , Bulaksumur Yogyakarta, INDONESIA, 55281 Phone: (0274) 513363, 588688, EXT 73106/ 521578, Mobile : +62 (0811255922).
Asih
Kurniawati
Faculty of Animal Science, University of Gadjah Mada, Jalan Fauna No: 3, Kampus Ugm , Bulaksumur Yogyakarta, INDONESIA, 55281 Phone: (0274) 513363, 588688, EXT 73106/ 521578, Mobile : +62 (0811255922).
Edi
Suryanto
Faculty of Animal Science, University of Gadjah Mada, Jalan Fauna No: 3, Kampus Ugm , Bulaksumur Yogyakarta, INDONESIA, 55281 Phone: (0274) 513363, 588688, EXT 73106/ 521578, Mobile : +62 (0811255922).
Ismaya
Ismaya
Faculty of Animal Science, University of Gadjah Mada, Jalan Fauna No: 3, Kampus Ugm , Bulaksumur Yogyakarta, INDONESIA, 55281 Phone: (0274) 513363, 588688, EXT 73106/ 521578, Mobile : +62 (0811255922).
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26659
ABSTRACT<br />This work had two programs, the first program had an objective was an evaluation of total fermentation silage of tofu industry by product (TFSTbyP) and the second program was based on the result of the first program was applied on local sheep production belong to the farmer group. TFS TbyP by different proportion of feedstuff added had three kinds of treatments: First treatment (P1) compose of tofu industry by product (TbyP) 60%, rice brand (RB) 20% and pollard (PL) 20%; Second treatment (P2) compose of TbyP 50%, RB 25% and PL 25%; and third treatment (P3) compose of TbyP 40%, RB 30% and PL 30%. All treatments having 3 replication were fermented by lactic acid bacteria inoculation for 14 days.The result of this study showed that based the pH of silage fermentation, all formula had pH below 4, while based on lactate production that the second treatment that compose of 50% TbyP, 25% RB and 25% PL had was the highest content. However based on chemical composition for TFS TbyP that composes of TbyP 40%, RB 30% and PL 30% was the best one. Therefore by those formula of TFS TbyP was applied for sheep production on farmer group as the second program. The TFS TbyP as result of the first program was fermented for 14 day as ration then was given to sheep for fattening programme by management of farmers. The application of TFS TbyP as ration on local sheep production of farmer group had an average daily gain (ADG) was 70 gr, while the profit of farmer that sell their sheep during Idul Adha day was 104%. Application of TFS TbyP as ration on local sheep production of farmer group also increased the percentage of carcass, 55,4%, the cooking loss, water holding capacity, and tenderness were 20,84%; 34%; and 4,37 kg/cm2 respectively and fat 8,05%; protein 19,42% and water content 70,23%. The conclusion of this study was that TFS TbyP can be an alternative of good ration for sheep production of farmer group.
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26659.html
https://ejsgs.journals.ekb.eg/article_26659_9003777e121da95c361e0f38e7e3440c.pdf
Egyptian Association for Sheep and Goats
Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goats Sciences
2090-0386
2090-0376
10
2
2015
08
01
PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF EWES AND GROWTH RATE OF LAMBS AS AFFECTED BY NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SUPPLEMENT TO RATIONS
1
13
EN
Hafez,
Y.
H.
Sheep and Goats Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Khalifa,
E.
I.
Sheep and Goats Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Behery,
H.
R.
Sheep and Goats Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Mahrous,
A.
A.
By-products Utilization Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Amal,
M. A.
Fayed
By-products Utilization Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Hanan,
A. M.,
Hassanien
By-products Utilization Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/ejsgs.2015.26660
ABSTRACT<br />The study included two experiments to compare efficiency of using basic and untraditional<br />energy sources on productive and reproductive performance of ewes and growth rate of lambs. At<br />first experiment, twenty-four Rahmani ewes aged 3.0- 3.5 years and weighed 46.19±8.56 kg were<br />divided into two similar groups (N=12 each). The 1st group (L) received 4021 kcal/kg/DM while<br />the second (L1) received 4469 kcal/kg/DM Both treatments started 28 days prior-breeding season<br />until weaning the lambs. In this experiment, live body weight (LBW) of ewes was measured during<br />different stages of gestation. At postnatal, eight ewes and their lambs were chosen (N=4 in each<br />energy level) to determine their LBW, suckling milk (quantity and quality) and some udder<br />measurements. At second experiment, fourteen male Rahmani lambs (average body weight 22.72<br />kg at 14 weeks of age) were divided into two groups, 7 lambs / energy level (L1 and L2), to record<br />growth rate and their blood parameters. Results in 1st experiment indicated that, LBW of ewes was<br />significantly (P<0.05) higher with L2 than L1 at days 96 to 140 of pregnancy. The calculated<br />reproductive parameters as pregnancy rate and litter size of ewes fed L2 were significantly<br />(P<0.05) higher (100.00% and 1.92 %) than ewes fed L1 (83.33% and 1.40%), respectively. Ewes<br />and their lambs in L2 group achieved booster (P<0.05) values in LBW, suckling milk (amount and<br />composition) and udder measurements than that of L1group. However, in 2nd experiment it shown<br />that male lambs fed L2 had lower feed intake, higher daily gain, better feed conversion and<br />economical efficiency. Serum glucose and cholesterol of male lambs in L2 were significantly<br />(P<0.05) higher than L1 lambs while, urea level of L1 lambs was significantly higher (P<0.05)<br />compared to L2 lambs. Other serum parameters as total protein and triglyceride were slightly<br />higher in the blood of L2 lambs compared to L1 lambs. Generally, it could recommend to use<br />protected fat (PF) and corn steep liquor (CSL)as energy supplement for improvement of productive<br />and reproductive performance of ewes and their suckling offspring, growth rate of lambs and their<br />blood metabolites.
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